[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/business\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/business\/","headline":"Business","name":"Business","description":"Pen\u00edze a zbo\u017e\u00ed, aneb rozlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ekonomick\u00fdch teori\u00ed \u00a0 Vztah mezi pen\u011bzi a t\u00edm, co se bude kupovat, bylo v\u017edy \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou m\u011bnov\u00e9 teorie. Kl\u00ed\u010dem k porozum\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti je rozd\u00edl, kter\u00fd ekonomov\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed mezi hodnotami obli\u010deje (nebo nomin\u00e1ln\u00edmi) a re\u00e1ln\u00edmi hodnotami, tj. Mezi ofici\u00e1ln\u00edmi hodnotami uveden\u00fdmi v sou\u010dasn\u00fdch dolarech, libr\u00e1ch, eurech atd. A stejn\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed...","datePublished":"2025-02-23","dateModified":"2025-02-23","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b86e461e91a792eb6523c2667396c9868de382fea5dd80e25dc0d9e030173b65?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/b86e461e91a792eb6523c2667396c9868de382fea5dd80e25dc0d9e030173b65?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"welery.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a307498_w2138_t1518728605.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a307498_w2138_t1518728605.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/business\/","wordCount":407,"articleBody":"Pen\u00edze a zbo\u017e\u00ed, aneb rozlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ekonomick\u00fdch teori\u00ed\u00a0Vztah mezi pen\u011bzi a t\u00edm, co se bude kupovat, bylo v\u017edy \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou m\u011bnov\u00e9 teorie. Kl\u00ed\u010dem k porozum\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to z\u00e1le\u017eitosti je rozd\u00edl, kter\u00fd ekonomov\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed mezi hodnotami obli\u010deje (nebo nomin\u00e1ln\u00edmi) a re\u00e1ln\u00edmi hodnotami, tj. Mezi ofici\u00e1ln\u00edmi hodnotami uveden\u00fdmi v sou\u010dasn\u00fdch dolarech, libr\u00e1ch, eurech atd. A stejn\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed upraven\u00e1 o cenovou hladinu. To druh\u00e9 je skute\u010dn\u00e1 hodnota tj. skute\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed, slu\u017eeb a aktiv, kter\u00e9 se za pen\u00edze budou kupovat. To lze ch\u00e1pat jako skute\u010dnou kupn\u00ed s\u00edlu pen\u011b\u017en\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f.\u00a0Popt\u00e1vka po pen\u011bz\u00edch\u00a0Ekonomov\u00e9 obecn\u011b tvrdili, \u017ee \u00farove\u0148 cen je ur\u010dena p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm pen\u011bz. Ale p\u0159esn\u011b, jak mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz ovliv\u0148uje \u00farove\u0148 cen a jak\u00e9 jsou \u00fa\u010dinky zm\u011bn v mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz byly koncipov\u00e1ny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby v r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u010dasech. Existuj\u00ed dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit. Za prv\u00e9, co ur\u010duje popt\u00e1vku po pen\u011bz\u00edch (mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 ochotn\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost) A za druh\u00e9, jak zm\u011bny v z\u00e1sob\u011b pen\u011bz ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed cenovou hladinu a jin\u00e9 nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty?\u00a0Vl\u00e1da a cirkulace pen\u011bz\u00a0Vl\u00e1da nebo jej\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka ur\u010duje nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 cirkuluj\u00ed, ale ve\u0159ejnost ur\u010duje skute\u010dnou hodnotu pen\u011bz. Pokud centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka poskytuje v\u00edce pen\u011bz, ne\u017e chce ve\u0159ejnost dr\u017eet, ve\u0159ejnost vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159ebytek pen\u011bz na zbo\u017e\u00ed, slu\u017eby nebo majetek. Zat\u00edmco dodate\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fddaje nemohou sn\u00ed\u017eit nomin\u00e1ln\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed z\u00e1sobu, budou tyto v\u00fddaje zvy\u0161ovat ceny objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 nejsou p\u0159edm\u011btem meze, proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho pen\u011bz je pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed omezen\u00e9 z\u00e1soby zbo\u017e\u00ed a majetku. N\u00e1sledn\u00fd r\u016fst cen sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed skute\u010dnou hodnotu pen\u011b\u017en\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, dokud ve\u0159ejnost nez\u00edsk\u00e1 skute\u010dnou hodnotu, kterou si p\u0159eje udr\u017eet v souhnu. Naopak, pokud centr\u00e1ln\u00ed banka poskytuje m\u00e9n\u011b pen\u011bz, ne\u017e chce ve\u0159ejnost dr\u017eet, v\u00fddaje zpomaluj\u00ed. Ceny klesaj\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zvy\u0161uje mno\u017estv\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00fdch z\u016fstatk\u016f.\u00a0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.5\/5 - (2 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Business","item":"https:\/\/www.welery.cz\/business\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]